Labor migration in MENA

Abstract

The MENA Region is the most important link to Europe due to its geographical, historical, political, cultural, and economic connection between the two regions. Migration inside the MENA region is developed because of the manpower needed of oil exporting countries with small or medium-size populations. The Mediterranean and middle East represent possibly the most great geographical area of the region with appreciate to labor migration moves. From the post-global world war II discouragement of emigration by using Maghrebian and different nations, followed with the aid of Europe’s Nineteen Sixties labor immigration from Turkey and the Maghreb, through the oil-financed financial growth of GCC international locations with labor shortages and big guest worker programs , later followed by way of Gulf crises and mass expulsions of Arab guest workers, and now with surplus labor components and excessive unemployment during the MENA area, the migration of peoples has been huge and in non-stop flux. We have no longer even stated forced migration, and the big-scale refugee actions that have impacted on many states in the region usually the ones which have been the least capable of accommodate them. Demand for immigrants on the global labor and skills market is determined by a number of complex factors and is affected by several constraints in recipient countries. MENA Region emigrants have to compete with other regions of the world seeking to export surplus manpower especially Asian workers. The number of migrants, including registered refugees, in the MENA region reached 34.5 million by 2015, rising up to 150% from 13.4 million in 1990. In contrast, global migrant stocks grew by about 60% over the same period. Just over one third of all migrant stocks in the region are of people from other MENA countries. Emigrants from MENA account for 10% of migrant stocks globally, and 53% of emigrants from MENA countries remain in the region.